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<\/p>\n

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\u8b66\u60d5\u8fc7\u7624\u80c3\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u771f\u4f2a<\/h3>\n

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\u3000\u3000\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u9499\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ef7\u683c\u5dee\u5f02\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u4f4e\u4ef7\u5f80\u5f80\u610f\u5473\u7740\u54c1\u8d28\u7684\u59a5\u534f\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ea7\u54c1\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u52a3\u8d28\u6cb9\u8102\u6216\u6742\u8d28\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7c97\u8102\u80aa\u542b\u91cf\u4e0d\u8fbe\u6807\u3001\u9499\u542b\u91cf\u8fc7\u9ad8\u6216\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u7ec4\u6210\u4e0d\u5408\u7406<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u91cf\u8865\u5145\u6548\u679c\u5dee\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u9499\u78f7\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5f15\u53d1\u5176\u4ed6\u5065\u5eb7\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u6295\u5165\u4ea7\u51fa\u6bd4\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5173\u6ce8\u6bcf\u516c\u65a4\u5e72\u7269\u8d28\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6ccc\u4e73\u51c0\u80fd<\/strong>\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9e\u9645\u63d0\u5347\u7684\u4ea7\u5976\u91cf\u6216\u65e5\u589e\u91cd<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5355\u7eaf\u6bd4\u8f83\u6bcf\u516c\u65a4\u539f\u6599\u4ef7\u683c\u3002\u7f8e\u52a0\u529b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u591a\u4e2a\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e09\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u5176\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u6548\u679c\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u65f6\u95f4\u8003\u9a8c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u91cd\u89c6\u9972\u5582\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u642d\u914d\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n

\u3000\u3000\u8fc7\u7624\u80c3\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u9499<\/strong>\u867d\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u5f53\u540c\u6837\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5173\u952e\u8981\u70b9\u5305\u62ec<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u9010\u6b65\u8fc7\u6e21<\/strong>\uff1a\u6dfb\u52a0\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u7ed9\u52a8\u72693-5\u5929\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u671f\uff0c\u4ece\u5c11\u91cf\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u589e\u52a0\u5230\u63a8\u8350\u91cf\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u91c7\u98df\u91cf\u7a81\u7136\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4fdd\u8bc1\u65e5\u7cae\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5145\u8db3<\/strong>\uff1a\u6dfb\u52a0\u9ad8\u80fd\u91cf\u8102\u80aa\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u786e\u4fdd\u65e5\u7cae\u4e2d\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u6709\u6548\u7ea4\u7ef4(\u7c97\u7ea4\u7ef4\u226517%\uff0c\u9178\u6027\u6d17\u6da4\u7ea4\u7ef4\u226521%)\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ef4\u6301\u7624\u80c3\u5065\u5eb7\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5408\u7406\u642d\u914d\u86cb\u767d<\/strong>\uff1a\u9ad8\u80fd\u91cf\u65e5\u7cae\u9700\u8981\u5339\u914d\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u8fc7\u7624\u80c3\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u80fd\u91cf\u4e0e\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u63a8\u8350\u6dfb\u52a0\u91cf<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u822c\u65e5\u7cae\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u91cf\u4e3a0.2\u516c\u65a4\/\u65e5\u00b7\u5934(\u7ea6\u5360\u603b\u5e72\u7269\u8d28\u76843%-6%)\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc76%\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u5e72\u7269\u8d28\u91c7\u98df\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u6ccc\u4e73\u9ad8\u5cf0\u671f\u6216\u70ed\u5e94\u6fc0\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0\u6548\u679c\u66f4\u4e3a\u663e\u8457\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u54c1\u724c\u5b9e\u529b\uff1a\u4e13\u4e1a\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005<\/h2>\n

    \u3000\u3000\u5c71\u4e1c\u7701\u9972\u6599\u5de5\u4e1a\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u884c\u4e1a\u5185\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u670d\u52a1\u5546\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u4e3a\u53cd\u520d\u52a8\u7269\u517b\u6b96\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u8425\u517b\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6df1\u77e5\uff0c\u4e00\u6b3e\u597d\u4ea7\u54c1\u9700\u8981\u914d\u5408\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u624d\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u53d1\u6325\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7f8e\u52a0\u529b<\/strong>\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u6e90\u81ea\u5168\u7403\u77e5\u540d\u4f01\u4e1a\u76ca\u6d77\u5609\u91cc\u7684\u6210\u719f\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u5176\u54c1\u8d28\u4e0e\u6548\u679c\u5df2\u901a\u8fc7\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u5927\u91cf\u5b9e\u8df5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7f8e\u52a0\u529b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u4e0e\u4f18\u52bf<\/h3>\n

    \u3000\u3000\u7f8e\u52a0\u529b<\/strong>(\u8fc7\u7624\u80c3\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u9499)\u80fd\u4e3a\u517b\u6b96\u573a\u5e26\u6765\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u6548\u76ca\u63d0\u5347\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u63d0\u5347\u4ea7\u5976\u6027\u80fd<\/strong>\uff1a\u5927\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\u6570\u636e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u7f8e\u52a0\u529b\u540e\uff0c\u5976\u725b\u4ea7\u5976\u91cf\u53ef\u63d0\u9ad83-4.3\u516c\u65a4\/\u5929<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e73\u8102\u91cf\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e45\u5ea6\u8fbe10%\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ea7\u5976\u9ad8\u5cf0\u671f\u53ef\u5ef6\u957f60\u5929<\/strong>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cSchneider(1998)\u5bf9108\u5934\u5976\u725b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u65e5\u589e\u5976\u91cf2.92\u516c\u65a4\/\u5934;\u5f20\u4ef2\u5e73(1993)\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0350\u514b\/\u65e5\u00b7\u5934\uff0c\u4ea7\u5976\u91cf\u63d0\u9ad826.6%\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u6539\u5584\u7e41\u6b96\u6027\u80fd<\/strong>\uff1a\u80fd\u91cf\u8d1f\u5e73\u8861\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u5976\u725b\u53d7\u80ce\u7387\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u7f8e\u52a0\u529b\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u80fd\u589e\u52a0\u5b55\u6fc0\u7d20\u524d\u4f53\u7269\u80c6\u56fa\u9187\u7684\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u523a\u6fc0\u5375\u6ce1\u53d1\u80b2<\/strong>\u3002Boodiolu(1993)\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u60c5\u671f\u53d7\u80ce\u7387\u4ece61%\u63d0\u9ad8\u523087%;Schneider(1988)\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7ec4\u4e00\u6b21\u60c5\u671f\u53d7\u80ce\u7387\u4e3a60.5%\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u768443.1%\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u63d0\u5347\u8089\u725b\u54c1\u8d28\u4e0e\u589e\u91cd<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u80b2\u80a5\u725b\uff0c\u7f8e\u52a0\u529b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u65e5\u589e\u91cd\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u6539\u5584\u8089\u8d28\u3002\u8fd1\u85e4\u90c1\u592b(1995)\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8089\u725b\u6dfb\u52a00.2\u516c\u65a4\/\u65e5\u00b7\u5934\uff0c\u65e5\u589e\u91cd\u589e\u52a00.05\u516c\u65a4\uff0c\u808c\u8089\u91cd\u91cf\u589e\u52a04.1\u516c\u65a4\uff0c\u7626\u8089\u7387\u63d0\u9ad80.5%\uff0c\u8089\u8d28\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b49\u7ea7<\/strong>\uff0c\u6bcf\u516c\u65a4\u589e\u91cd\u7cbe\u6599\u51cf\u5c110.44\u516c\u65a4\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u7f13\u89e3\u70ed\u5e94\u6fc0<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u9ad8\u6e29\u5b63\u8282\uff0c\u65e5\u7cae\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7f8e\u52a0\u529b\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u589e\u52a0\u80fd\u91cf\u6444\u5165\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u964d\u4f4e\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u547c\u5438\u9891\u7387\u548c\u8109\u640f\u6b21\u6570<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ef4\u6301\u91c7\u98df\u91cf\u548c\u4ea7\u5976\u91cf\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u70ed\u5e94\u6fc0\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u635f\u5931\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u4fc3\u8fdb\u9499\u5438\u6536\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u7624\u80c3\u4ee3\u8c22<\/strong>\uff1a\u7f8e\u52a0\u529b\u4e2d\u7684\u9499\u5143\u7d20\u6613\u4e8e\u5438\u6536\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7ef4\u6301\u8840\u9499\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u7624\u80c3\u4e2d\u53d1\u9175\uff0c\u80fd\u8c03\u8282\u7624\u80c3\u6c28\u6001\u6c2e\u6c34\u5e73<\/strong>\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u9178\u4e2d\u6bd2\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u7624\u80c3\u6574\u4f53\u5065\u5eb7\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u4e13\u4e1a\u642d\u914d\u65b9\u6848\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u652f\u6301<\/h3>\n

      \u3000\u3000\u6211\u4eec\u6df1\u77e5\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u517b\u6b96\u573a\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u9700\u6c42\u5404\u5f02\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5c71\u4e1c\u7701\u9972\u6599\u5de5\u4e1a\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8<\/strong>\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f18\u8d28\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u66f4\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u642d\u914d\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5976\u725b\u65e5\u7cae\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u6ccc\u4e73\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u5609\u80fd\u5065A<\/strong>\u4e0e\u7f8e\u52a0\u529b\u642d\u914d(\u524d\u671f2:1\uff0c\u540e\u671f1:1)\uff0c\u6216\u80fd\u7f8e\u5065S<\/strong>\u4e0e\u7f8e\u52a0\u529b\u642d\u914d(\u524d\u671f2:1\uff0c\u540e\u671f1:1)\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u7cbe\u51c6\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5355\u7eaf\u8ffd\u6c42\u964d\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7f8e\u52a0\u529b\u7b49\u91cf\u66ff\u4ee3\u90e8\u5206\u8102\u80aa\u7c89\uff0c\u6548\u679c\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e14\u66f4\u5177\u6027\u4ef7\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u573a\u666f\u9009\u578b\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u9700\u6c42\u7cbe\u51c6\u5339\u914d<\/h2>\n

      \u3000\u3000\u6839\u636e\u517b\u6b96\u573a\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7f8e\u52a0\u529b\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u6dfb\u52a0\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u9ad8\u4ea7\u5976\u725b\u6ccc\u4e73\u9ad8\u5cf0\u671f<\/h3>\n

      \u3000\u3000\u6838\u5fc3\u75db\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u80fd\u91cf\u8d1f\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u4f53\u51b5\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u6613\u53d1\u4ee3\u8c22\u75c5\uff0c\u4ea7\u5976\u9ad8\u5cf0\u7ef4\u6301\u65f6\u95f4\u77ed\u3002
      \n\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u65e5\u7cae\u4e2d\u7a33\u5b9a\u6dfb\u52a00.2-0.3\u516c\u65a4\/\u65e5\u00b7\u5934\u7684\u7f8e\u52a0\u529b\uff0c\u914d\u5408\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u4f18\u8d28\u7c97\u9972\u6599\u548c\u8fc7\u7624\u80c3\u86cb\u767d\u3002\u91cd\u70b9\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ea7\u5976\u91cf\u3001\u4e73\u8102\u7387\u3001\u4f53\u51b5\u8bc4\u5206\u548c\u7e41\u6b96\u6307\u6807\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u63a8\u8350\u4e0e\u80fd\u7f8e\u5065S\u6216\u5609\u80fd\u5065A\u642d\u914d\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ee5\u534f\u540c\u63d0\u5347\u80fd\u91cf\u5229\u7528\u548c\u7e41\u6b96\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u5742\u4e98\u517b\u6b96\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u9499\u540e\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u65e5\u4ea7\u5976\u91cf\u589e\u52a07.5\u516c\u65a4\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u590f\u5b63\u70ed\u5e94\u6fc0\u671f<\/h3>\n

      \u3000\u3000\u6838\u5fc3\u75db\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u91c7\u98df\u91cf\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u4ea7\u5976\u91cf\u9aa4\u964d\uff0c\u547c\u5438\u6025\u4fc3\uff0c\u4e73\u8102\u7387\u4f4e\u3002
      \n\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u70ed\u5e94\u6fc0\u6765\u4e34\u524d1-2\u5468\u5f00\u59cb\u6dfb\u52a0\u7f8e\u52a0\u529b\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u6dfb\u52a0\u91cf0.2-0.3\u516c\u65a4\/\u65e5\u00b7\u5934\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u9ad8\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u91c7\u98df\u91cf\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u80fd\u91cf\u6444\u5165\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u52a0\u5f3a\u9632\u6691\u964d\u6e29\u63aa\u65bd<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u6e05\u6d01\u996e\u6c34\u3002\u89c2\u5bdf\u52a8\u7269\u547c\u5438\u9891\u7387\u3001\u91c7\u98df\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u4ea7\u5976\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u6539\u5584\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u80b2\u80a5\u8089\u725b\u540e\u671f<\/h3>\n

      \u3000\u3000\u6838\u5fc3\u75db\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u589e\u91cd\u901f\u5ea6\u653e\u7f13\uff0c\u6599\u91cd\u6bd4\u504f\u9ad8\uff0c\u8089\u8d28\u8102\u80aa\u6c89\u79ef\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002
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